الحذف عند البلاغيين: من تشتّت التقعيد إلى محاولات استدراك وكشف العامل الفكري

Abstract

This article aims to examine ellipsis from the perspective of Arabic rhetoric criticism, in which it tries to outline its concept based on the Qur'anic rhetoric, then presents its categorization among Arab rhetoric experts in established rhetoric textbooks, which shows the disadvantage of fragmentation that falls on this topic. Therefore, this research tries to find the critical efforts of classical and contemporary experts on the incomprehensibility of the ellipsis category, as well as the main reasons behind this fragmentation. The main issue was examined using Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis approach. One of the most important results is that classical experts do not consider all forms of ellipsis in the texts studied. This is the condition of ellipsis in rhetoric textbooks based on the theories of al-Sakkākī and al-Khaṭīb al-Qazwīni, and the fragmentation of categorization in them is visible. Several scholars then proposed improvements, such as those made by Muḥammad Abū Mūsā and Fādil al-Sāmirrā`ī, as al-Suyūtī also proposed a new categorization. This fragmented categorization is due to al-Sakkākī's reliance on limiting the phenomenon of ellipsis to clause components. This excludes phenomena outside the clause elements, such as omitting some word elements. The reason behind all this was al-Sakkākī’s tendency to oppose ‘Abd al-Qāhir and deviate from his theory to be in line with the Mu’tazilite creed believed in by al-Sakkāki, considering that al-Jurjānī based his theory on the concept of ma’ānī al-nahw which is in line with the theory of al-kalām al-nafsī adopted by the Ash’arites as the antithesis of the theory of al-kalām al-lafzī of the Mu’tazilites. Thus, al-Sakkākī tried to support his sect by moving from ma’ānī al-nahw to al-naḥw, which then led to the fragmentation of categorization.