تغيير الفتوى بتغير الزمان والمكان والأحوال والعادات

Tagyīr al-Fatawā bi Tagyīr al-Zamān wal-Makān wal-Aḥwāl wal-'Ādāt

Abstract

This article delves into the dynamic nature of fatwa, highlighting its variability across time, place, customs, and circumstances. Employing a qualitative methodology centered on content analysis, the research unveils significant findings regarding the fluidity of fatwa in response to evolving societal dynamics. Results indicate that shifts in power coincide with temporal changes, marking the extinction of preceding norms and the emergence of new paradigms across successive generations. Furthermore, the study underscores the interplay between changing societal needs, conditions, and customs, serving as catalysts for fatwa modification. Geographical variations among Muslim countries and distinctions between Islamic and non-Islamic realms also contribute to the adaptive nature of fatwa. Notably, the mutability of customs across regions prompts corresponding adjustments in fatwa rulings. Additionally, fluctuations in circumstances, characterized by evolving societal needs and conditions, necessitate adaptive fatwa responses. Through these multifaceted changes, Islamic law demonstrates resilience and adaptability, ensuring its relevance across diverse temporal and spatial contexts.